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The Military Geology Unit was a unit in the United States military during World War II. It was established on June 24, 1942, six months after Pearl Harbor.〔Terman, Maurice, 1998, ''Military Geology Unit of the U.S. Geological Survey during World War II''. Military Geology in War and Peace. Geological Society of America. p. 49-54.〕 People in the US Geological Survey wanted to get involved in the war effort, either for patriotism or prestige or both, and provided a geological intelligence report for a randomly chosen country, Sierra Leone. The Sierra Leone report described the terrain, locations of water supplies and road-building materials, and other facts useful for military operations. The US military bought the idea and so the Military Geological Unit was formed, starting out with six people but quickly expanding. The USGS continued to operate a Military Geology Unit through 1975, providing the US Department of Defense with research and documentation necessary for military operations.〔Bonham, Selma, 1981, "Reports and Maps of the Military Geology Unit 1942-1975" (USGS Open File 97-0175 ), p. iii〕 ==Staff== The entire Military Geology Unit wartime roster was 88 geologists, 11 soil scientists, 6 bibliographers, 5 engineers, three editors, one forester and 43 assisting staff.〔 Most of the reports prepared by the Unit were prepared by teams made up mainly of geologists but commonly included soils scientists, botanists, climatologists, ad geographers. Nearly all of the soils scientists and climatologists were members of the US Department of Agriculture's Soil Conservation Service.〔Bonham, Selma, 1981, "Reports and Maps of the Military Geology Unit 1942-1975" (USGS Open File 97-0175 ) p. iv〕 "During World War II geology won its spurs as an important tool in both planning and operations in the US Army. This growth of geology was due to the increased appreciation on the part of our military leaders of the importance of scientific techniques and information, and to the increased appreciation on the part of our scientists of the usefullness of their abilities in the solution of a large variety of very practical problems."〔Hunt, C.B. 1950. "Military Geology Unit" In: ''Application of Geology to Engineering Practice''. The Geological Society of America. The Charles Peter Berkey Volume. November 1950. Page 325.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Military Geology Unit」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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